LED is an acronym for Light Emitting Diode, which means that light emitting diodes have the ability to emit light or infrared, ultraviolet rays. Like diodes, LEDs are made of a p-type semiconductor with a n-type semiconductor.

Scientists created LED from the early years of the last century. However, until the 50s of the last century, the first infrared LEDs were actualized.

The first LED light came from Nick Holonyak, Jr. discovered in 1962. So far, Holonyak is still considered the father of LED. Ten years later, George Craford invented the first yellow LED and improved the brightness by 10 times for red LED as well as red-orange LED.

While red LEDs and then green LEDs have been created for a long time, creating blue LEDs is still a challenge for scientists at that time.

It took nearly 30 years for people to overcome this challenge. It was in 1994, when Shuji Nakamura, working at Japan's Nichia Company, first created blue LEDs.

In ancient times, people had to use fire to create a light source. Since the 19th century, the method of using gas lights became popular and then the Edison Edison filament light bulb. Today, we have fluorescent bulbs and compact fluorescent lamps (CFL). These technologies help more people have access to light, while being able to save more energy than before.

LED is considered a new generation of lighting technology. Compared to CFL bulbs and filament bulbs, LEDs are more efficient 4 times and 15 times respectively. Compared to fluorescent lamps, it consumes less energy and does not contain toxic mercury.

Not only energy saving, this lamp also has a long life span, about 30 times more than incandescent bulbs. Many LED bulbs have a lifespan of 25,000 hours, equivalent to 17 years of use if used for lighting 4 hours a day.

According to the researchers, lighting is an energy-intensive activity, estimated at 17% of electricity consumption in the US alone. Energy saving benefits that LEDs can bring are particularly large in developed countries.

By using LED lights, the effects from polluting sources can be limited. Due to low power requirements, LEDs can be supported by cheap solar power. In the future, if the cost of use becomes cheaper and cheaper, they can replace fluorescent lamps or incandescent lamps that are commonly used in Europe or the United States.

The US government advocates seeking new technologies to reduce electricity consumption by 50% by 2025. LED lights are considered the most reliable means to achieve that goal. US microelectronic technology corporations are urgently researching LED improvements, and have achieved encouraging results, the luminous intensity of LED lights doubles after every 18-month cycle, which can be believed. The idea is that by 2010 LED lights are bright enough to replace fluorescent lamps.